ABSTRACT
Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is the most widely used over-the-counter analgesic and antipyretic agent in the world. It can be synthesized by original and green synthesis methods from phenol compound. Excessive intake of the medication paracetamol that is, above recommended dose of paracetamol; 4 g or 75 mg/kg in 24 hours for an adult result into overdose. Overdose of paracetamol can induce temporary liver dysfunction or even liver failure with some other complications like pancreatitis, low blood sugar and lactic acidosis etc. Paracetamol metabolism is broadly categorized into two phases (reactions); oxygenation and conjugation reactions. When paracetamol poisoning is suspected, N-acetyl cysteine should be given to replenish glutathione levels in the body. In less than 2 hours after taking paracetamol, activated charcoal can be used to treat the overdose, or gastric lavage can be performed between 2-4 hours. Patients with a serum paracetamol concentration more than 200 mg/L should be given the antidote N-acetyl cysteine, which ensures survival. When given within 8 hours of paracetamol administration, the efficacy declines as the treatment time is extended. Despite the fact that paracetamol is widely available and effective, it is vital to use caution when administering the medicine to avoid overdosing and consequences from paracetamol poisoning.
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