ABSTRACT
Gastropods are invertebrate animals that can inhabit both land and water, ranging from highlands, and freshwater to deep sea waters. The greatest diversity of species can be found inhabiting marine ecosystems. One of the marine ecosystems as a habitat for marine animals is the seagrass ecosystem. Gastropods in seagrass ecosystems have important value, both ecologically and economically. This type of mollusca is able to maintain the stability and balance of coastal ecology in general and the presence of gastropods also reduces the input of organic matter into the waters and acts as an indicator of the diversity of certain species. For this reason, it is necessary to carry out an analysis related to the structure of the gastropod community with the aim of knowing the ecological index of the presence of gastropods in the seagrass ecosystem. The data used in this research is the result of a survey conducted in April 2014 located in the waters of Kelapa Dua Island, Seribu Islands, Jakarta. Data was taken using the quadratic transect method at 3 stations with each station carrying out 9 repetitions of sample collection in 1 × 1 meter quadratic transects. Data analysis uses quantitative methods. From the gastropod sampling carried out, 128 individuals were obtained consisting of 21 species (19 genera) from 17 families. The highest diversity and evenness index values were at station II with an H’ value of 2.13 and an E value of 0.92. Meanwhile, the highest abundance of gastropods was at station III, namely 5.78 ind./m². For the dominance index, station I and station III have a high index value of 0.16. The important environmental (abiotic) parameter conditions at the research location are quite suitable for gastropod life, such as pH, salinity and dissolved oxygen, but the water temperature is above the quality standard with an average of 31.45 °C.
References
- F. Ponder and D. R. Lindberg, Gastropod phylogeny, challenges for the 90s,” in Origin and evolutionary radiation of the Mollusca, J. D. Taylor, Ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, (1995) 135–154.
- Bouchet and J.-P. Rocroi, Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia, 47(1–2) (2005) 1–397.
- F. Ponder and D. R. Lindberg, Towards a phylogeny of gastropod molluscs: An analysis using morphological characters. Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 119(2) (1997) 83–265
- James Willard Nybakken and M. D. Bertness, Marine biology: An ecological approach, 6th ed. New York: Benjamin-Cummings Pub Co, (2005).
- Dayrat, M. Conrad, S. Balayan, T. R. White, C. Albrectht, R. Golding, S. R. Gomez, M. G. Harasewych, and A. M. Martins, Phylogenetic relationships and evolution of pulmonate gastropods (Mollusca): New insights from increased taxon sampling. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 59 (2011) 425–437
- J. Webb, Marine and terrestrial ecology: Unifying concepts, revealing differences. Trends Ecol. Evol. 10 (2012) 535–541
- J. Cunha and G. Giribet, A congruent topology for deep gastropod relationships. Proc. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci. 286 (1898) (2019) 1–8.
- Appeltans, et al., The magnitude of global marine species diversity. Curr. Biol. 22(23) (2012) 2189–2202.
- M. Poutiers, Gastropods. In FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the western central pacific. Volume 1. Seaweeds, corals, bivalves and gastropods, K. E. Carpenter and V. H. Niem, Eds. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of The United Nations, (1998) 363–382.
- Santhanam, Biology and ecology of edible marine gastropod molluscs. Waretown, USA: AppleAcademic Press, (2019).
- S. Houbrick, Revision of higher taxa in genus Cerithidea (Mesogastropoda: Potamididae) based on comparative morphology and biological data, Am. Malacol. Bull. 2 (1984) 1–20.
- Chase, Sensory organs and the nervous system. In The biology of terrestrial molluscs, G. M. Barker, Ed. Oxon, UK: CABI Publishing, (2001) 179–211.
- Chase, Behavior & its neural control in Gastropod Molluscs, no. 1. New York: Oxford University Press, Inc, (2002).
- Baharuddin, N. B. Basri, and N. H. Syawal, Marine gastropods (Gastropoda; mollusca) diversity and distribution on intertidal rocky shores of Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia. AACL Bioflux, 11(4) (2018) 1144–1154.
- E. Hendrickx, R. C. Brusca, C. Mercedes, and R. R. German, Marine and brackish-water molluscan biodiversity in the Gulf of California, Mexico. Sci. Mar. 71(4) (2007) 637–647.
- A. F. Marpaung, I. Yasir, and M. Ukkas, The diversity of macrozoobenthos in silvofishery mangrove and natural mangrove ecosystems in the Boe Coast Ecotourism Area, Takalar District, South Sulawesi. Bonorowo Wetl. 4(1) (2014) 1–11.
- Tomascik, A. J. Mah, A. Nontji, and M. K. Moosa, The Ecology of The Indonesian Seas. Part II. Singapore: Periplus Editions (HK) Ltd., (1997).
- E. Leiva and J. C. Castilla, A review of the world marine gastropod fishery: Evolution of catches, management and the Chilean experience. Rev. Fish Biol. Fish., 11 (2002) 283–300.
- A. W. Cappenberg, Observation on molluscs community at the Derawan Islands waters, East Kalimantan. Oseanologi dan Limnol. 39 (2006) 75–87.
- A. Harahap, D. J. Prihadi, and R. A. Gussaoki, The condition of seagrass meadow in the waters of Kelapa Dua Island, Seribu Islands, Jakarta, Indonesia. World News Nat. Sci. 44 (2022) 215–230.
- A. Wiyaniningtiyah, I. Setyabudiandi, and A. A. Taurusman, Connectivity of macrozoobenthos community structure along a gradient of mangroves, seagrass, and reef crest habitats in Kelapa Dua Island, Seribu Islands, Jakarta. Bonorowo Wetl. 4(1) (2014) 37–48.
- BPS-Statistics of Kepulauan Seribu Regency, Kepulauan Seribu Regency in figures 2021. Jakarta, Indonesia: BPS-Statistics of Kepulauan Seribu Regency, (2021).
- The Indonesian Minister of Environment, Decree of the Indonesian Minister of Environment Number 51 of 2004 concerning Sea Water Quality Standards. (2004) 10.
- Sasekumar, Distribution of macrofauna on a Malayan mangrove shore. J. Anim. Ecol. 43(1) (1974) 51–69.
- Marwoto, Assembling IPM technology on soybean plants. In Proceedings of the Soybean Production Development Strategy Workshop, (1999) 67–97.
- Kubo and T. Kurozumi, Molluscs of Okinawa. Urasoe City, Okinawa: Okinawa Shuppan Co., (1995).
- Habe, Shells of the Western Pacific in Color. Hoikusha Publishing Co., (1964).
- T. Abbott and S. P. Dance, Compendium of Seashells. El Cajon Calif, USA: Odyssey Pub, (2000).
- G. Hinton, Shells of New Guinea and the Central Indo-Pacific, 1st ed. Jacaranda Press, (1972).
- Latuconsina, M. N. Nessa, and R. A. Rappe, The composition of species and structure of seagrass fish community in Tanjung Tiram – inner Ambon Bay. J. Ilmu dan Teknol. Kelaut., 4(1) (2012) 35–46.
- J. Krebs, Ecology: The experimental analysis of distribution and abundance, 6th ed. Essex, England: Pearson Education Limited, (2014).
- P. Odum and G. W. Barrett, Fundamentals of ecology, vol. 3. Saunders Philadelphia, (1971).
- L. Wilhm, Biological Indicators of Pollution. In River Ecology., B. A. Whitton, Ed. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publication, (1975).
- T. Sastrawijaya, Environmental pollution, 2nd ed. Jakarta, Indonesia: Rineka Cipta, (2000).
- A. Ludwig and J. F. Reynolds, Statistical Ecology: A Primer on Methods and Computing. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons, (1988).
- F. Fachrul, Bioecological sampling methods, 1st ed. Jakarta, Indonesia: Bumi Aksara, (2007).
- E. Magurran, Ecological diversity and its measurement, First Edit. Bangor, UK: Croom Helm, (1988).
- W. Snedecor and W. G. Cochran, Statistical methods, 7th ed. Ames, Iowa, USA: Iowa State University Press, (1980).
- Rosenberg and V. Resh, Introduction to freshwater biomonitoring and benthic macroinvertebrates, In Freshwater Biomonitoring and Benthic Macroinvertebrates, D. Rosenberg and V. Resh, Eds. New York: Chapman/Hall, (1993), 1–9.
- Sukarno, M. Hutomo, M. K. Moosa, and P. Darsono, Coral Reefs in Indonesia: Resources, Problems and Management. Jakarta : Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, (1981).
- Hutabarat and S. M. Evans, Introduction to Oceanography, 2nd ed. Jakarta: University of Indonesia (UI Press), (2006).
- M. Suratissa and U. Rathnayake, Effect of pollution on diversity of marine gastropods and its role in trophic structure at Nasese Shore, Suva, Fiji Islands. J. Asia-Pacific Biodivers., 10(2) (2017) 192–198.
- R. Lubis, I. Karlina, and R. D. Putra, Analysis of Gastropod Habitat in the Seagrass Ecosystem in Gunung Kijang District, Bintan Island. J. Enggano, 8(1) (2023) 1–11.
- M. Esqueda, E. R. Rios-Jara, J. E. Michel-Morfin, and V. Landa-Jaime, The Vertical Distribution and Abundance of Gastropods and Bivalves From Rocky Beaches of Cuastecomate Bay, Jalisco, Mexico. Rev. Biol. Trop. 48(1) (2000) 1–6.
Download all article in PDF
