https://doi.org/10.65770/SNME4675
ABSTRACT
Copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles were examined by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and their structural aggregation was quantified via a MATLAB based box-counting method. TEM images were grayscale processed, binarized, and segmented to extract particle boundaries, enabling precise calculation of the fractal dimension for each sample. The results reveal a wide range of aggregation states, with values spanning from 1.78 to 1.936. Lower values correspond to open, branched, diffusion limited aggregates, while intermediate values (1.82–1.87) indicate dense clusters with rugged surfaces characteristic of reaction limited cluster aggregation (RLCA). Higher values greater than 1.92 signify near solid, coalesced morphologies with minimal porosity, reflecting advanced RLCA or particle sintering. The MATLAB based approach offers a reproducible and scalable tool for systematically evaluating nanoscale morphology, providing insights critical for optimizing CuO nanostructures for catalysis, sensing, energy storage, and electronic applications.
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