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Home 2026

Microplastics and Their Toxicological Impacts on Human Health: An Overview

Author: Diptarup Mallick, WSN 214 (2026) 159-171

2026-04-15
Reading Time: 2 mins read
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https://doi.org/10.65770/HKSS1262

ABSTRACT 

Microplastics (MPs) represent a pervasive and complex environmental contaminant with far-reaching implications for ecosystem and human health. This literature review aims to synthesize current knowledge on the sources, environmental distribution, and toxicological impacts of microplastics on human health, with a particular focus on recent empirical findings, mechanistic insights, detection methodologies, and emerging research frontiers. The review also highlights methodological advances, policy implications, and future directions necessary for a comprehensive understanding of the risks posed by microplastic pollution to human populations.

References          

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  • [2] Zheng, Y. Quan, S. Yan, X. Lv, Y. Cao, M. Fu, M. Jin, A bibliometric analysis on the current situation and hot trends of the impact of microplastics on soil based on CiteSpace. arXiv:2507.01520 (2025).
  • [3] C. Thompson, Microplastics in the marine environment: sources, consequences and solutions. In: Marine Anthropogenic Litter, (Eds M. Bergmann, L. Gutow, M. Klages), (Springer, Cham), 2015, p. 185.
  • [4] Li, Q. Liu, S. Chen, Microplastics in freshwater systems: a review on occurrence, environmental effects, and methods for microplastics detection. Water Research 137 (2018) 362.
  • [5] Amrutha, V. Unnikrishnan, S. Shajikumar, A. K. Warrier, Current State of Microplastics Research in SAARC Countries—A Review. In: Microplastic Pollution, (Ed. S. S. Muthu), (Springer, Singapore), 2021, p. 19.
  • [6] Jambeck, R. Geyer, C. Wilcox, T. R. Siegler, M. Perryman, A. Andrady, R. Narayan, K. L. Law, Plastic waste inputs from land into the ocean. Science 347 (2015) 768.
  • [7] L. Lusher, M. McHugh, R. C. Thompson, Occurrence of microplastics in the gastrointestinal tract of pelagic and demersal fish from the English Channel. Marine Pollution Bulletin 67 (2013) 94.
  • [8] M. Free, O. P. Jensen, S. A. Mason, M. Eriksen, N. J. Williamson, B. Boldgiv, High-levels of microplastic pollution in a large, remote, mountain lake. Marine Pollution Bulletin 85 (2014) 156.
  • [9] Nizzetto, D. Futter, S. Langaas, Are agricultural soils dumps for microplastics of urban origin? Environmental Science & Technology 50 (2016) 10777.
  • C. Prata, Airborne microplastics: consequences to human health? Environmental Pollution 234 (2018) 115.

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WSN 214 (2026) 159-171

 

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Tags: Ecological health.Human healthMicroplasticsPlastic toxicity
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