ABSTRACT
The effect of nutrient amendment with poultry droppings on the degradation of total petroleum hydrocarbons and the microbial population involved in the degradation process was monitored. 200 g of top soil (0 – 30 cm) was collected, homogenized and placed in four different 2 L plastic bowls, moistened and labelled sample A, B, C and D. Forty percent (40 %) w/v of Bonny light crude oil was spiked into samples A, B and C while sample D served as the unpolluted control. Ten gram (10 g) and twenty gram (20 g) of poultry droppings was added as amendment into samples A and B respectively then monitored for 60 days. Physicochemical parameters like pH, moisture content, total organic carbon, nitrate and phosphate were monitored. Gas chromatography flame ionization detection (GC-FID) was used to monitor the total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentration over time. The total culturable heterotrophic bacterial and fungal counts and the total culturable hydrocarbon utilizing bacterial and fungal counts were also monitored using standard microbiological techniques. There was increase in pH over the treatment period from highly acidic to slightly acidic and alkaline. There was an overall percentage moisture loss of 38.95 %, 38.36%, 47.6 % and 39.65 % for samples A, B, C and D respectively. Nitrate concentration reduced by 9.38%, 26.83 %, 36.36 % and 40.0%. Phosphate concentration revealed a slight increase at day 15 for sample A and B then decreased for all the samples at day 30, 45 and 60. There was an overall reduction in TPH concentration in sample A and B from 7243.8±2.12 mg/kg to 4101.6±1.04 mg/kg and 7141.1±3.17 mg/kg to 3991.7±1.55 mg/kg. Total culturable heterotrophic bacterial and fungal counts increased at day 15 then decreased from day 30 to 60 while total culturable hydrocarbon utilizing bacterial and fungal counts increased at day 15 and 30 then decreased at day 45 and 60 in samples A and B while sample C and D witnessed an overall decrease. This study has however revealed the importance of nutrient amendment as a bioremediation strategy in the recovery of hydrocarbon polluted soil.
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