ABSTRACT
Maximizing athletic performance often leads to eating disorders. Women are more vulnerable than men. The interaction of three disorders (nutrition, menstruation, bone decalcification) is defined as the triad of female athletes. The cause of menstrual disorders results from too little supply of energy in the diet. Eating disorders also apply to men. RED-S syndrome refers to a physiological disorder caused by a shortage of energy and involves the release of metabolism disorders, menstrual disorders, musculoskeletal system, reduction of the activity of the immune system, the release of protein synthesis, disorders of the nervous system, poorer recovery and cardiovascular disorders. The etiology of the RED-S syndrome is a result of a relatively low availability of energy, as in the triad. Among the causes of these phenomena we can enumerate psychological, biological and social interactions. To assess the condition, especially in sport, questionnaires are most commonly used and they include questions about height, weight, exercise time, perception, eating disorders and menstrual cycle (women). The nutritional education is very important in the prevention and treatment of eating disorders. It suggests the need for an athlete to increase the energy intake and / or decrease exercise expenditure to treat the condition. This paper presents an analysis of the current state of knowledge of the etymology, incidence and effects of eating disorders in athletes based on the available literature.
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