ABSTRACT
Responsiveness on the adverse effects of various toxic constituents of used vegetable oil (UVO) with its adverse consequences on man’s health such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases gave rise to the challenge of recovering UVO for reuse. Hence, this research investigated the potentials of groundnut shell activated carbon (GSAC) on the recovery of UVO. The biosorbent was analysed for physicochemical parameters, in addition to Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), Scanning electron micrograph, electron dispersive X-ray spectroscope analysis. Batch adsorption technique was employed, and operational parameters like contact time, dosage and temperature were studied. Adsorption data were subjected to isotherm and kinetic models. The adsorbent showed high fixed carbon contents and surface area, FTIR revealed various functional groups which are potential adsorption sites, and SEM showed a well-developed pore structure. The EDX established the presence of elements such as oxygen, calcium, and carbon in the percentage composition. The percentage recovery efficiency (% R) on PV, FFA and AV from UVO at optimum conditions (12g, 80 min, 60 oC) was: (87.11, 79.14, 84.00 %), (86.75, 79.28, 84.00 %) and (72.41, 79.13, 80.24 %) respectively. The peroxide (PO) and free fatty acid (FFA) adsorption were best fitted by Freundlich isotherm model, while the acid (ACD) removal was best described by Brouers Weron Sotolongo-Coasta (BWS) isotherm model. On the other hand, PO and FFA removal were best described by BWS kinetic model, while ACD was best fitted for pseudo-second-order (PSO) kinetic model. Additionally, the adsorption process was thermodynamically feasible at the temperature range studied with the negative values of Gibbs free energy (-∆G), positive value of enthalpy change (+∆H), and negative values of entropy change (-∆S). Conclusively, GSAC stands an efficient, promising, and eco-friendly adsorbent for UVO regeneration, as it improves the quality of the oil to near virgin.
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