ABSTRACT
Quantum computing, grounded in the principles of quantum mechanics, has emerged as a transformative field with the potential to revolutionize computation. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the current state and future prospects of quantum computing, delving into recent developments and exploring potential applications. Beginning with an introduction to the fundamentals of quantum computing, including key principles such as superposition and entanglement, the paper navigates through the existing landscape of quantum hardware, algorithms, and software. The review provides an in-depth analysis of recent breakthroughs in quantum hardware, focusing on advancements in qubit technologies and quantum error correction. It further explores the evolving field of quantum software and algorithms, highlighting the applications of quantum computing in various industries, from finance to healthcare and materials science. Challenges faced by current quantum computing technologies are discussed, along with potential solutions and future research directions. The industrial impact of quantum computing is examined, illustrating how it is poised to redefine fields through enhanced computational power. The paper concludes by addressing the challenges and prospects of scaling quantum systems, integrating quantum and classical computing, and considering societal and ethical implications. As quantum computing continues to evolve, this comprehensive review aims to provide researchers, industry professionals, and enthusiasts with an insightful overview of the current landscape and a glimpse into the promising future of quantum computing.
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