ABSTRACT
Geomagnetic storms (GMSs) are global phenomenon that is useful in understanding the dynamics of the solar-terrestrial environment. In this study, we attempt to investigate potential connections between sunspot number (SSN), GMSs, phases of solar cycle, and Universal Time (UT) hour for storm occurrence during the recent four solar cycles; in order to study the interconnectivity between solar and geomagnetic activity. This is due to the fact that GMS occurrence may proceed the appearance of sunspot. We employed SSN to characterize solar cycle conditions and disturbance storm time (Dst) index to characterise storms. The total GMSs observed were identified using minimum Dst value and were analyzed statistically. Results revealed that SSN and the frequency of occurrence of GMSs varied from solar cycle to solar cycle; however, the observed GMSs followed the phases of solar cycle. Furthermore, we observed increased GMSs during equinoctial conditions compared to other seasons as well as higher probability of occurrence of great storms (Dst ≤ -350 nT) at about 21 – 8 UT in equinoxes. This depicts possible time for occurrence of great storms. This study has provided scientific insight which could be employed by atmospheric, space, and solar scientists.
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