ABSTRACT
The advancement in computer science technology and development of GIS application softwares and the accessibility of various geographic data through open source data sources make it feasible for police and law enforcement departments to use it effectively.Crime mapping and spatial analysis using GIS tools such as hot spot generation, zonation, navigation, and crime profiling, mobile location identification and web based various application are well recognized and can be scientifically applied for betterment of citizens whereas it can be effectively used for prediction and control of crime. The present study analyzed the temporal crime data (Murder, dacoity, robbery, burglary, theft and riots) of India from the year 2001 to 2015 to understand the temporal trend whereas state wise crime data (IPC crime registered) from the year 2011 to 2015 was utilized to generate crime density map and percent change. We have also used the crime data for 10 citis (highest crime rate) of India including all metro cities for the year 2015 to understand city crime trend towards various crimes types. By analyzing the crime data of 2015 the study reveals that the crime density was in the range of 65.8 to 1140 the lowest in Nagaland whereas highest in Delhi which was found to be roughly 4.5 times than the national average. After the evaluation of crime percent change for the year 2015 with preceding year it was found that 29.6% largest increase in crime in Daman and Diu whereas Kerala and Delhi got second and third position with value 24.3% and 23% respectively. The evaluation of ten cities including the metro cities was done for the year 2015. The various city crime (total cognizable crime under IPC) per lakh population varies from 189.4 to 925.9 was found highest in the city Indore whereas it was found lowest in Chennai city. Murder, dacoity, robbery, burglary, theft, riots and other IPC crime per lakh population were found in the range of (0.9 to 11.3), (0 to 1.7), (0.6 to 31.1), (1.1 to 57.17), (14.8 to 445.6), (0.5 to 35.4) and (147.7 to 576.2) respectively. Patna city leads in Murder and dacoity. Indore leads in the crime like burglary and other IPC crime. Delhi city reported highest in robbery, theft whereas record was found lowest in riots.
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