ABSTRACT
This paper explores strategies for promoting equity and inclusion in STEM education, specifically focusing on supporting underrepresented students in high school science programs. It examines these students’ systemic barriers, including socioeconomic challenges, lack of access to resources, and implicit bias, which hinder their participation and success in STEM fields. The paper highlights key strategies such as mentorship programs, scholarship initiatives, and community engagement as essential tools for providing academic and motivational support. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of fostering an inclusive STEM curriculum and learning environment through culturally responsive teaching practices, diversifying the curriculum, and building supportive classroom cultures. The paper concludes with actionable recommendations for policymakers, educators, and community leaders to implement sustainable solutions that support underrepresented students, enhance STEM participation, and promote long-term success in science education.
References
- [1] Al Hamad, N. M., Adewusi, O. E., Unachukwu, C. C., Osawaru, B., & Chisom, O. N. (2024). Counselling as a tool for overcoming barriers in stem education among underrepresented groups. Engineering Science & Technology Journal, 5(1), 65-82.
- [2] Allegretto, S., García, E., & Weiss, E. (2022). Public Education Funding in the US Needs an Overhaul: How a Larger Federal Role Would Boost Equity and Shield Children from Disinvestment during Downturns. Economic Policy
- [3] Arif, S., Massey, M. D. B., Klinard, N., Charbonneau, J., Jabre, L., Martins, A. B., . . . Nanglu, K. (2021). Ten simple rules for supporting historically underrepresented students in science. In (Vol. 17, pp. e1009313): Public Library of Science San Francisco, CA USA.
- [4] Atobatele, F. A., Kpodo, P. C., & Eke, I. O. (2024). Strategies for enhancing international student retention: A critical literature review. Open Access Research Journal of Science and Technology, 10(2), 035-045.
- [5] Ayeni, O. O., Chisom, O. N., Al Hamad, N. M., Osawaru, B., & Adewusi, O. E. (2024). Enhancing STEM education through emotional intelligence and counseling techniques. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 21(2), 903-916.
- [6] Beachum, F. D., & Gullo, G. L. (2020). School leadership: Implicit bias and social justice. Handbook on promoting social justice in education, 429-454.
- [7] Berlian, Z., & Huda, M. (2022). Reflecting culturally responsive and communicative teaching (CRCT) through partnership commitment. Education Sciences, 12(5), 295.
- [8] Bradford, B. C., Beier, M. E., & Oswald, F. L. (2021). A meta-analysis of university STEM summer bridge program effectiveness. CBE—Life Sciences Education, 20(2), ar21.
- [9] Breeden, T. (2021). Invited but excluded: Examining the underrepresentation of African American women and girls in STEM-based fields of education, and how historically Black colleges and universities are bridging the equity gap. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,
- Conger, D., Kennedy, A. I., Long, M. C., & McGhee, R. (2021). The effect of Advanced Placement science on students’ skills, confidence, and stress. Journal of Human Resources, 56(1), 93-124.
- Cruz, C. (2021). From digital disparity to educational excellence: closing the opportunity and achievement gaps for low-income, Black and Latinx students. Latinx L. Rev., 24, 33.
- Dare, E. A., Keratithamkul, K., Hiwatig, B. M., & Li, F. (2021). Beyond content: The role of STEM disciplines, real-world problems, 21st century skills, and STEM careers within science teachers’ conceptions of integrated STEM education. Education Sciences, 11(11), 737.
- Eisenhart, M. A., & Weis, L. (2022). STEM education reform in urban high schools: Opportunities, constraints, culture, and outcomes: Harvard Education Press.
Download all article in PDF
![]()



