ABSTRACT
The oil and gas industry, particularly in refining and petrochemical operations, faces complex safety challenges due to the high-risk nature of its processes. Traditional safety protocols, while effective, often rely on reactive measures, addressing risks after incidents occur. This paper explores the transformative role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) in predictive safety analytics, shifting from reactive to proactive risk management. By analyzing extensive datasets, AI-driven models can identify potential safety hazards, predict equipment failures, and anticipate operational risks before they materialize. This study highlights several AI and ML applications, including anomaly detection, predictive maintenance, and risk assessment models specifically tailored to refinery and petrochemical operations. Key findings demonstrate that predictive analytics significantly enhance safety outcomes by enabling early intervention and minimizing unplanned downtimes. The paper concludes that integrating AI and ML into safety management frameworks can reduce accident rates, optimize maintenance scheduling, and improve regulatory compliance. This shift toward predictive analytics marks a critical advancement in operational safety, providing the oil and gas industry with a robust, data-driven approach to risk mitigation.
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