ABSTRACT
The chemical and biological profiling of the n-hexane extract, TM of crude honeybee residue, CHR has been investigated. TM was obtained from crude honeybee by selective separation technique, soxhlet’s extraction, concentrated by simple distillation and dried under vacuum. The extract was profiled for its chemical characteristics: thin layer chromatography, TLC, Fourier Transform- Infra Red, FT-IR characterization, antioxidant and phytochemical screenings and biologically for its anti-infective effectiveness, using standard procedures. TM had a yield of 5.76%, multiple spots observed from its TLC when developed from two different solvent systems (EtOAc:n-hexane, 0.5/6 and 100% n-hexane); -O-H, -C=O, -C-Hsp3 and –C-O functional group units were obtained from the FT-IR analysis at the wave numbers (cm-1): 3516, 1736, 2918-2849 and 1173 respectively. It has shown a relative antioxidant activity when compared to those of the dark brown viscous crude honeybee and standards (natural and synthetic). The phytochemicals present include: steroids (terpenoids), quinones, saponins and alkaloids. TM showed relative antibacterial activities against strains of Staphylococcus aureues, Eschericia coli, Bacillus subtillis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi and Klebsiella pneumonae, in a dose concentration gradient when compared to the positive control: gentamycin. The highest and lowest activities were observed at 100 and 12.5 mg/mL of TM against the test organisms respectively. The study has established a preliminary investigation on the n-hexane extract of crude honeybee residue.
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