https://doi.org/10.65770/XUUK6494
Abstract
Expert systems represent one of the most significant applications of artificial intelligence in the agricultural sector. These systems are designed to simulate the decision-making ability of human experts by using structured knowledge bases and rule-based inference mechanisms. In developing countries like India, where farmers face challenges such as pest and disease outbreaks, nutrient deficiencies, unpredictable weather, and limited access to extension personnel, agricultural expert systems play a vital role in providing timely and scientific advisory support. This article highlights the importance, components, and applications of agricultural expert systems in enhancing farming practices and strengthening extension services. Various expert systems developed in India, such as AGREX, Rice Crop Doctor, EXOWHEM, AMRAPALIKA, Coconut Doctor, Sugarcane Doctor, and Tomato Expert System, demonstrate the growing adoption of knowledge-based technologies in crop management. In addition, mobile-based advisory apps such as mKisan, Plantix, Kisan Suvidha, and AgroStar have expanded the reach of expert guidance to rural farmers. Expert systems offer several advantages including quick problem diagnosis, efficient resource utilization, improved decision-making, and increased productivity. However, limitations such as illiteracy, lack of computer awareness, language barriers, and the need for continuous updating remain major constraints. Expert systems serve as powerful tools for bridging the knowledge gap between agricultural research and farmers, contributing to sustainable and profitable agriculture.
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